there are no COBOL related basics of cryptography
You should learn to distinguish between logic/algorithm and implementation
the cryptography core is the algorithm
the implementation is just a useless

Your approach is leading You to the wrong path,
it would be good to read
http://www.schneier.com/essay-037.html
and lurk thru the content of
http://www.schneier.com
here is another sample of what You might find by googling yourself
http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM
the first characteristics of a cryptographer is the curiosity, an imaginative mind and a strong mathematical background
asking people to do the research for You is a proof the You do not have the <imprinting> for it and You are just wasting time!
and as all the security experts tell
cryptography, authentications, <security thru tools and devices> are almost <irrelevant> in the implementation of a secure system
there are lots of weaker points ...
You can break a system secured with cryptography, authentications, <tools and devices> with time and the proper skills
but if a system is worth to be broken into it ... much cheaper to do it with MONEY
( systems worth breaking into I said, not just a silly bank robbery )